Protein detail
G3P
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (EC 1.2.1.12) (Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH) (EC 2.6.99.-)
Entry name G3P | UniProt ID | EVMP confidence score 0.50 |
Supporting publications (n) 8 | Transmembrane count | Protein classification EnzymesEssential proteinsFDA approved drug targetsMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteins |
EVMP confidence score
Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.
Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40Basic Information11
Protein Names
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (EC 1.2.1.12) (Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH) (EC 2.6.99.-)
Protein Class (6)
EnzymesEssential proteinsFDA approved drug targetsMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteins
Protein Function (4)
- FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
- Enzymes
- ENZYME proteins:Oxidoreductases
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Ensembl
Entrez Gene Symbol
Gene Synonym
GAPD
Gene Description
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Chromosome
12
Position
6534512-6538374
Supporting publications (n)
8
EVMP confidence score
0.50
Fluorescence & Localization1
Cell SpecificAdipocytes
Function & Pathway8
Protein Function (4)
- FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
- Enzymes
- ENZYME proteins:Oxidoreductases
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Cellular Component (14)
- GO:0005634 nucleus
- GO:0005737 cytoplasm
- GO:0005811 lipid droplet
- GO:0005829 cytosol
- GO:0005886 plasma membrane
- GO:0015630 microtubule cytoskeleton
- GO:0016020 membrane
- GO:0031965 nuclear membrane
- GO:0031982 vesicle
- GO:0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
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Molecular Function (9)
- GO:0004365 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity
- GO:0005515 protein binding
- GO:0008017 microtubule binding
- GO:0019828 aspartic-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
- GO:0035605 peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity
- GO:0042802 identical protein binding
- GO:0050661 NADP binding
- GO:0051287 NAD binding
- GO:0097718 disordered domain specific binding
Biological Process (3)
KEGG (9)
- hsa00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
- KEGG:hsa01100 Metabolic pathways
- KEGG:hsa01200 Carbon metabolism
- KEGG:hsa01230 Biosynthesis of amino acids
- KEGG:hsa04066 HIF-1 signaling pathway
- KEGG:hsa05010 Alzheimer disease
- KEGG:hsa05130 Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection
- KEGG:hsa05132 Salmonella infection
- KEGG:hsa05415 Diabetic cardiomyopathy
Reactome (3)
Canonical Pathways
M68 Pid rhoa reg pathway
Mediation Categories (4)
Clinical-translation mediationImmune mediationMetabolism mediationReceptor-signaling mediation
Relations & Evidence44
Enzyme-Mediated Modification (15)
15 records.
| Substrate Gene Symbol | Enzyme Gene Symbol | Enzyme UniProt ID | Residue Type | Residue Offset | Modification | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAPDH | AKT2 | P31751 | T | 237 | phosphorylation | Sparser_ProtMapperPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPProtMapperRLIMS-P_ProtMapperREACH_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | ProtMapper:21979951ProtMapper:12104046ProtMapper:25859407 |
| GAPDH | SCYL2 | Q6P3W7 | S | 122 | phosphorylation | PhosphoNetworks | |
| GAPDH | SCYL2 | Q6P3W7 | T | 237 | phosphorylation | PhosphoNetworks | |
| GAPDH | PTK2B | Q14289 | Y | 320 | phosphorylation | PhosphoNetworks | |
| GAPDH | AKT1 | P31749 | T | 237 | phosphorylation | REACH_ProtMapperProtMapper | ProtMapper:23332158 |
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Ligand-Receptor Signaling (4)
4 records.
| Category | Parent | Database | Transmitter | Receiver | Secreted | Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane) | Plasma Membrane (Peripheral) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| intracellular | intracellular | ComPPI | No | No | No | No | No |
| intracellular | intracellular | GO_Intercell | No | No | No | No | No |
| intracellular | intracellular | UniProt_location | No | No | No | No | No |
| intracellular | intracellular | OmniPath | No | No | No | No | No |
Regulatory Interaction Network (8)
8 records.
| Source Protein Symbol | Source UniProt ID | Target Protein Symbol | Target UniProt ID | Is Directed | Is Stimulation | Is Inhibition | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FBW10 | Q5XX13 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | Yes | No | SIGNOR | SIGNOR:37450367 |
| AAPK1 | Q13131 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | Yes | No | Sparser_ProtMapperiPTMnetSIGNORProtMapperSIGNOR_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | ProtMapper:26626483PhosphoSite:26626483PhosphoSite:18183946ProtMapper:32370188SIGNOR:26626483 |
| STK4 | Q13043 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | Yes | No | SIGNOR | SIGNOR:23527007 |
| VRK2 | Q86Y07 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | Yes | No | SIGNOR | SIGNOR:37450367 |
| COMPLEX:O43741_P54619_P54646_Q13131_Q9UGI9_Q9UGJ0_Q9Y478 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | Yes | No | SIGNOR | SIGNOR:26626483 | |
| KPCD | Q05655 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | No | No | Sparser_ProtMapperPhosphoSite_norefiPTMnetProtMapperREACH_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | ProtMapper:25859407ProtMapper:25399565PhosphoSite:23653351PhosphoSite:27129213 |
| AKT2 | P31751 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | No | No | Sparser_ProtMapperPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPiPTMnetProtMapperRLIMS-P_ProtMapperREACH_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | ProtMapper:21979951PhosphoSite:21979951ProtMapper:25859407 |
| SRC | P12931 | G3P | P04406 | Yes | No | No | BEL-Large-Corpus_ProtMapperPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPHPRD_MIMPiPTMnetProtMapperRLIMS-P_ProtMapperREACH_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | PhosphoSite:17488287ProtMapper:17488287ProtMapper:32539222 |
Protein Complex Composition (16)
16 records.
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Isolation & Detection Technology (1)
1 record.
| EV Isolation Method | Detection Method | Number of References | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Differential Ultracentrifugation | Western blotting | 1 | 37922300 |
Sequence, Structure & Domains14
Sequences
Length
335
Mass
36,053
Sequence
MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTVKAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVIISAPSADAPMFVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHAITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANVSVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAGIALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE
Alternative Products
Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=1; IsoId=P04406-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=P04406-2; Sequence=VSP_047289
Alternative Sequence
1..42; Missing (in isoform 2)
3D Structural Models
Turn
51..53; 133..135; 202..204; 268..273; 297..299
Helix
13..25; 40..48; 82..84; 88..90; 105..108; 110..113; 137..139; 152..168; 196..199; 213..220; 222..224; 255..267; 283..286; 318..333
Beta Strand
5..9; 27..34; 36..38; 60..63; 66..69; 72..77; 94..97; 99..101; 117..123; 126..128; 146..148; 170..179; 185..189; 207..210; 227..234; 241..251; 274..277; 292..296; 301..304; 307..314
3D Structure
Electron microscopy (7); X-ray crystallography (14)
Domain & Motif Annotations
Motif
245..250; [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif
Domain (CC)
The [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif is a proposed target motif for cysteine S-nitrosylation mediated by the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex.
Region
2..148; Interaction with WARS1
Protein Families
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Clinical Relevance9
Disease Involvement
FDA approved drug targets
Related Diseases (2)
Biomarker
Phase 2; Phase 1
Drug Targets
FDA approved drug targets
Drugs (39)
CHEMBL:CHEMBL502775SELENIUMETHOXZOLAMIDEDORZOLAMIDEACETAZOLAMIDECHLORTHALIDONECHEMBL:CHEMBL429095ANESTHETIC AGENTTAMOXIFENEPINEPHRINESODIUM BUTYRATEGALLIC ACIDSULPIRIDECHEMBL:CHEMBL601757BRINZOLAMIDEBENZOLAMIDECHEMBL:CHEMBL580421NULLHISTAMINEINDISULAMTOPIRAMATEESTRADIOL VALERATEOMIGAPILMETHOCARBAMOLCHEMBL:CHEMBL578512METHAZOLAMIDEHISTIDINEZONISAMIDEPURPUROGALLINCHEMBL:CHEMBL505670DICHLORPHENAMIDECOMPOUND 5A [PMID: 31287314]PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORSLC-0111THIRAMCHEMBL:CHEMBL1399359,10-PHENANTHRENEQUINONEDEFEROXAMINECOMPOUND 5B [PMID: 31287314]
Interaction Protein (9)
ENSG00000082701ENSG00000102144ENSG00000117748ENSG00000130707ENSG00000132646ENSG00000139684ENSG00000146648ENSG00000152700ENSG00000167900
Interaction Count
9
Interaction Dataset (2)
intact_biogridbiogrid_opencell
Supporting Publications8
| PMID | Title | Abstract |
|---|---|---|
| 21465472 | Potential role of HER2-overexpressing exosomes in countering trastuzumab-based therapy. | Exosomes secreted either in HER2-positive tumor cell-conditioned supernatants or in breast cancer patients' serum bound to Trastuzumab. Release of these exosomes was significantly modulated by the growth factors EGF and heregulin, two of the known HER2 receptor-activating ligands and naturally present in the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Together, these findings point to the role of HER2-positive exosomes in modulating sensitivity to Trastuzumab, and, consequently, to HER2-driven tumor aggressiveness. We characterized exosomes constitutively secreted by HER2-overexpressing breast carcinoma cell lines and analyzed in vitro and in vivo their potential role in interfering with the therapeutic activity of the humanized antibody Trastuzumab and the dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Lapatinib anti-HER2 biodrugs. We show that exosomes released by the HER2-overexpressing tumor cell lines SKBR3 and BT474 express a full-length HER2 molecule that is also activated, although to a lesser extent than in the originating cells. |
| 36062905 | Efficient exosome subpopulation isolation and proteomic profiling using a Sub-ExoProfile chip towards cancer diagnosis and treatment. | The Sub-ExoProfile chip comprises three cylindrical self-assembled nanopillars, on which specific exosome capture antibodies (CD81, EpCAM, HER2) were immobilized to capture and sort different exosome subpopulations. |
| 36635060 | Efficient Delivery of GSDMD-N mRNA by Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Induces Pyroptosis for Enhanced Immunotherapy. | No abstract available |
| 37005015 | One-step multiplex analysis of breast cancer exosomes using an electrochemical strategy assisted by gold nanoparticles. | HER2-positive breast cancer cell (SK-BR-3) exosomes were selected as the model targets and three aptamers including CD63, HER2 and EpCAM aptamers were used as the capture units. |
| 37084607 | Analyses of single extracellular vesicles from non-small lung cancer cells to reveal effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor treatments. | No abstract available |
| 37603987 | An immuno-magnetophoresis-based microfluidic chip to isolate and detect HER2-Positive cancer-derived exosomes via multiple separation. | Therefore, a microfluidic chip-based magnetically labeled exosome isolation system (MEIS-chip) was developed as a lab-on-a-chip platform for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancer diagnosis and monitoring. |
| 37647033 | Tumor-derived exosomes RNA expression profiling identifies the prognosis, immune characteristics, and treatment in HR+/HER2-breast cancer. | We conducted microarray assays on exosomes isolated from breast cancer and healthy breast epithelial cells from three patients with hormone receptor (HR) +/ human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) - breast cancer and identified 817 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). |
| 37812687 | Multiplex Quantification of Exosomes via Multiple Types of Nanobeads Labeling Combined with Laser Scanning Detection. | Furthermore, CD147-positive, HER2-positive, and CD81-positive exosomes in 12.5 μL of serum were simultaneously quantified with high discrimination performance using the anti-CD147 antibody, anti-HER2 antibody, or anti-CD81 antibody conjugated for FG beads, Au nanobeads, or Ag nanobeads, respectively. |