Protein detail
ACE
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) (Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I) (Kininase II) (CD antigen CD143) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]
Protein symbol ACE | UniProt ID | EVMP score 0.25 |
Frequency 2 | Transmembrane count 1 | Protein classification Candidate cardiovascular disease genesCD markersDisease related genesEnzymesFDA approved drug targetsHuman disease related genesMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsPredicted secreted proteins |
Basic Information
Protein Names
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) (Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I) (Kininase II) (CD antigen CD143) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]
Protein Class
Candidate cardiovascular disease genesCD markersDisease related genesEnzymesFDA approved drug targetsHuman disease related genesMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsPredicted secreted proteins
Protein Function
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Allergies and autoimmune diseases
- Human disease related genes:Urinary system diseases:Kidney diseases
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Human disease related genes:Endocrine and metabolic diseases:Diabetes
- Human disease related genes:Congenital malformations:Congenital malformations of the urinary system
- CD markers
- Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
- Enzymes
- Predicted secreted proteins
- ENZYME proteins:Hydrolases
- Peptidases:Metallopeptidases
- Disease related genes
- FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
- Human disease related genes:Nervous system diseases:Eye disease
Transmembrane
1257..1277; Helical
Transmembrane Count
1
Ensembl
Entrez Gene Symbol
Gene Synonym
ACE1CD143DCP1
Gene Description
Angiotensin I converting enzyme
Chromosome
17
Position
63477061-63498380
Frequency
2
EVMP Score
0.25
Fluorescence & Localization
Tissue Specificlymphoid tissueCell SpecificB-cellsSingle-Nuclei Brain SpecificleukocyteBlood Cell Specificbasophil
Function & Pathway
Protein Function
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Allergies and autoimmune diseases
- Human disease related genes:Urinary system diseases:Kidney diseases
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Human disease related genes:Endocrine and metabolic diseases:Diabetes
- Human disease related genes:Congenital malformations:Congenital malformations of the urinary system
- CD markers
- Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
- Enzymes
- Predicted secreted proteins
- ENZYME proteins:Hydrolases
- Peptidases:Metallopeptidases
- Disease related genes
- FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
- Human disease related genes:Nervous system diseases:Eye disease
Cellular Component
Molecular Function
- GO:0003779 actin binding
- GO:0004175 endopeptidase activity
- GO:0004180 carboxypeptidase activity
- GO:0004222 metalloendopeptidase activity
- GO:0005515 protein binding
- GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
- GO:0008233 peptidase activity
- GO:0008237 metallopeptidase activity
- GO:0008238 exopeptidase activity
- GO:0008240 tripeptidyl-peptidase activity
- GO:0008241 peptidyl-dipeptidase activity
- GO:0008270 zinc ion binding
- GO:0031404 chloride ion binding
- GO:0031434 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding
- GO:0031711 bradykinin receptor binding
- GO:0051019 mitogen-activated protein kinase binding
- GO:0070573 metallodipeptidase activity
- GO:1901363 heterocyclic compound binding
Biological Process
KEGG
Reactome
Mediation Categories
Clinical-translation mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediationMetabolism mediationReceptor-signaling mediation
Relations & Evidence
Enzyme-Mediated Modification
3 records.
| Substrate Gene Symbol | Enzyme Gene Symbol | Enzyme UniProt ID | Residue Type | Residue Offset | Modification | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACE | CSNK2A1 | P68400 | S | 1,299 | phosphorylation | phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPSIGNORProtMapperKEAPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | SIGNOR:12386153KEA:14615289 |
| ACE | CSF3 | P09919 | S | 1,299 | phosphorylation | REACH_ProtMapperProtMapper | ProtMapper:29549541 |
| ACE | KNG1 | P01042 | S | 1,299 | phosphorylation | REACH_ProtMapperProtMapper | ProtMapper:19065996 |
Ligand-Receptor Signaling
38 records.
| Category | Parent | Database | Transmitter | Receiver | Secreted | Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane) | Plasma Membrane (Peripheral) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| transmembrane | transmembrane | OmniPath | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| plasma_membrane | plasma_membrane | UniProt_location | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| plasma_membrane | plasma_membrane | OmniPath | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| plasma_membrane_transmembrane | plasma_membrane_transmembrane | Membranome | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| plasma_membrane_transmembrane | plasma_membrane_transmembrane | CSPA | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| plasma_membrane_transmembrane | plasma_membrane_transmembrane | OmniPath | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| secreted | secreted | UniProt_keyword | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| secreted | secreted | HPA_secretome | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| secreted | secreted | connectomeDB2020 | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| secreted | secreted | Baccin2019 | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
Regulatory Interaction Network
2 records.
| Source Protein Symbol | Source UniProt ID | Target Protein Symbol | Target UniProt ID | Is Directed | Is Stimulation | Is Inhibition | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACE | P12821 | ANGT | P01019 | Yes | Yes | No | HINTLit-BM-17SIGNORBioGRID | Lit-BM-17:10969042SIGNOR:11076943HINT:10969042Lit-BM-17:15283675HINT:15283675BioGRID:23056909Lit-BM-17:23056909HINT:23056909 |
| CSK21 | P68400 | ACE | P12821 | Yes | Yes | No | phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPiPTMnetSIGNORProtMapperKinexus_KEAKEASIGNOR_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | PhosphoSite:14615289SIGNOR:12386153PhosphoSite:21901117PhosphoSite:15569856PhosphoSite:16186248PhosphoSite:16476786ProtMapper:12386153PhosphoSite:12386153KEA:14615289 |
Protein Complex Composition
17 records.
| Component Name | Component Gene Symbols | Component UniProt ID | Stoichiometry | Database | Database IDs | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACEAGT | P01019P12821 | 1:1 | PDB | PDB:4aph | ||
| ACEAPP | P05067P12821 | 4:4 | PDB | PDB:5ambPDB:5am8 | ||
| ACE | P12821 | 2 | PDB | PDB:2c6nPDB:7q4dPDB:9gbpPDB:4bzsPDB:7q25PDB:3nxqPDB:4ca6PDB:2xydPDB:6tt3PDB:7q24PDB:7z6zPDB:4ufbPDB:9gbsPDB:4bxkPDB:6f9vPDB:6qs1PDB:9h1bPDB:9d5mPDB:5amaPDB:6en6PDB:9gbrPDB:5amcPDB:6en5PDB:6tt4PDB:9d55PDB:9d5sPDB:6zptPDB:5am9PDB:9h1aPDB:6zpqPDB:9gbqPDB:4ufaPDB:7q26PDB:6tt1PDB:8qhlPDB:6f9rPDB:9clxPDB:8qfxPDB:6h5xPDB:2c6f | ||
| HACE1RAC1 | P63000Q8IYU2 | 1:1 | PDB | PDB:8q0n | ||
| HACE1 | Q8IYU2 | 2 | PDB | PDB:8haePDB:8pwl | ||
| ACE2 | Q9BYF1 | 2 | PDB | PDB:7e7ePDB:8b9pPDB:7xbfPDB:7drvPDB:8byjPDB:8bfwPDB:8uzfPDB:7p8iPDB:9fmmPDB:8totPDB:7p8jPDB:8bn1PDB:7u0nPDB:7xbgPDB:8uze | ||
| BACE2 | Q9Y5Z0 | 4 | PDB | PDB:4bfbPDB:6uj1PDB:3zknPDB:3zkiPDB:3zkmPDB:4belPDB:6uj0PDB:3zkgPDB:2ewyPDB:3zlq |
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Sequence, Structure & Domains
Sequences
Length
1,306
Mass
149,715
Sequence
MGAASGRRGPGLLLPLPLLLLLPPQPALALDPGLQPGNFSADEAGAQLFAQSYNSSAEQVLFQSVAASWAHDTNITAENARRQEEAALLSQEFAEAWGQKAKELYEPIWQNFTDPQLRRIIGAVRTLGSANLPLAKRQQYNALLSNMSRIYSTAKVCLPNKTATCWSLDPDLTNILASSRSYAMLLFAWEGWHNAAGIPLKPLYEDFTALSNEAYKQDGFTDTGAYWRSWYNSPTFEDDLEHLYQQLEPLYLNLHAFVRRALHRRYGDRYINLRGPIPAHLLGDMWAQSWENIYDMVVPFPDKPNLDVTSTMLQQGWNATHMFRVAEEFFTSLELSPMPPEFWEGSMLEKPADGREVVCHASAWDFYNRKDFRIKQCTRVTMDQLSTVHHEMGHIQYYLQYKDLPVSLRRGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPEHLHKIGLLDRVTNDTESDINYLLKMALEKIAFLPFGYLVDQWRWGVFSGRTPPSRYNFDWWYLRTKYQGICPPVTRNETHFDAGAKFHVPNVTPYIRYFVSFVLQFQFHEALCKEAGYEGPLHQCDIYRSTKAGAKLRKVLQAGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGIDLVTDEAEASKFVEEYDRTSQVVWNEYAEANWNYNTNITTETSKILLQKNMQIANHTLKYGTQARKFDVNQLQNTTIKRIIKKVQDLERAALPAQELEEYNKILLDMETTYSVATVCHPNGSCLQLEPDLTNVMATSRKYEDLLWAWEGWRDKAGRAILQFYPKYVELINQAARLNGYVDAGDSWRSMYETPSLEQDLERLFQELQPLYLNLHAYVRRALHRHYGAQHINLEGPIPAHLLGNMWAQTWSNIYDLVVPFPSAPSMDTTEAMLKQGWTPRRMFKEADDFFTSLGLLPVPPEFWNKSMLEKPTDGREVVCHASAWDFYNGKDFRIKQCTTVNLEDLVVAHHEMGHIQYFMQYKDLPVALREGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPKHLHSLNLLSSEGGSDEHDINFLMKMALDKIAFIPFSYLVDQWRWRVFDGSITKENYNQEWWSLRLKYQGLCPPVPRTQGDFDPGAKFHIPSSVPYIRYFVSFIIQFQFHEALCQAAGHTGPLHKCDIYQSKEAGQRLATAMKLGFSRPWPEAMQLITGQPNMSASAMLSYFKPLLDWLRTENELHGEKLGWPQYNWTPNSARSEGPLPDSGRVSFLGLDLDAQQARVGQWLLLFLGIALLVATLGLSQRLFSIRHRSLHRHSHGPQFGSEVELRHS
Alternative Products
Event=Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=4; Name=Somatic-1; IsoId=P12821-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=Somatic-2; Synonyms=Soluble; IsoId=P12821-2; Sequence=VSP_029932, VSP_029933; Name=Testis-specific; Synonyms=ACE-T, ACEt, tACE, hTACE; IsoId=P12821-3, P22966-1; Sequence=VSP_035120, VSP_035121; Name=4; IsoId=P12821-4; Sequence=VSP_054836, VSP_054837
Alternative Sequence
1..641; MGAASGRRGPGLLLPLPLLLLLPPQPALALDPGLQPGNFSADEAGAQLFAQSYNSSAEQVLFQSVAASWAHDTNITAENARRQEEAALLSQEFAEAWGQKAKELYEPIWQNFTDPQLRRIIGAVRTLGSANLPLAKRQQYNALLSNMSRIYSTAKVCLPNKTATCWSLDPDLTNILASSRSYAMLLFAWEGWHNAAGIPLKPLYEDFTALSNEAYKQDGFTDTGAYWRSWYNSPTFEDDLEHLYQQLEPLYLNLHAFVRRALHRRYGDRYINLRGPIPAHLLGDMWAQSWENIYDMVVPFPDKPNLDVTSTMLQQGWNATHMFRVAEEFFTSLELSPMPPEFWEGSMLEKPADGREVVCHASAWDFYNRKDFRIKQCTRVTMDQLSTVHHEMGHIQYYLQYKDLPVSLRRGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPEHLHKIGLLDRVTNDTESDINYLLKMALEKIAFLPFGYLVDQWRWGVFSGRTPPSRYNFDWWYLRTKYQGICPPVTRNETHFDAGAKFHVPNVTPYIRYFVSFVLQFQFHEALCKEAGYEGPLHQCDIYRSTKAGAKLRKVLQAGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGID -> MGQGWATAGLPSLLFLLLCYGHPLLVPSQEASQQVTVTHGTSSQATTSSQTTTHQATAHQTSAQSPN (in isoform 4); 1..574; Missing (in isoform Testis-specific); 575..641; AGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGID -> MGQGWATAGLPSLLFLLLCYGHPLLVPSQEASQQVTVTHGTSSQATTSSQTTTHQATAHQTSAQSPN (in isoform Testis-specific); 1128..1168; Missing (in isoform 4); 1137..1145; QFHEALCQA -> HPFSQHTAA (in isoform Somatic-2); 1146..1306; Missing (in isoform Somatic-2)
3D Structural Models
Turn
106..108; 168..170; 217..219; 268..270; 519..524; 634..637; 766..768; 799..801; 999..1001; 1083..1085; 1117..1122; 1172..1175; 1222..1225
Helix
32..34; 43..72; 77..105; 109..111; 115..124; 128..131; 134..153; 171..178; 182..216; 223..229; 236..266; 291..293; 294..297; 309..314; 319..332; 340..345; 382..401; 406..408; 414..428; 431..436; 447..461; 464..479; 485..487; 488..500; 514..517; 528..547; 554..556; 563..575; 581..589; 597..617; 638..640; 641..643; 646..675; 680..704; 709..711; 715..724; 728..731; 734..753; 769..776; 780..793; 795..798; 802..815; 821..827; 834..844; 846..864; 866..868; 889..891; 892..895; 906..912; 917..930; 938..943; 980..998; 1004..1006; 1012..1026; 1029..1034; 1045..1059; 1062..1077; 1086..1098; 1112..1115; 1126..1145; 1152..1154; 1161..1171; 1179..1187; 1195..1215
Beta Strand
155..157; 159..161; 165..167; 281..284; 352..354; 362..365; 367..370; 372..375; 481..483; 755..757; 759..761; 763..765; 879..882; 945..947; 950..952; 960..963; 965..968; 970..973; 1037..1040; 1188..1191
3D Structure
Electron microscopy (5); X-ray crystallography (73)
Domain & Motif Annotations
Domain (FT)
40..624; Peptidase M2 1; 643..1222; Peptidase M2 2
Region
1215..1256; Juxtamembrane stalk
Protein Families
Peptidase M2 family
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase M2 family.
Clinical Relevance
Disease Involvement
FDA approved drug targets
Related Diseases
Biomarker
Phase 2; Approved; Discontinued in Phase 2/3; Discontinued in Phase 2; Phase 1; Phase 2/3; Phase 3
Drug Targets
FDA approved drug targets
Drugs
VORINOSTATNULLTRANDOLAPRILCOMPOUND 1 [PMID: 24900526]AZD6605CAPTOPRILQUINAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDEASPIRINDESERPIDINEMOEXIPRILDELAPRILATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATEPRAVASTATIN SODIUMBUMETANIDEIMIDAPRILRXP470.1COMPOUND 20 [PMID: 22153340]LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUSSPIRAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDECARBARILPERINDOPRILTP0556351BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDERAMIPRILENZYME INHIBITORNITROPRUSSIDEILEPATRILQUINAPRILPERINDOPRIL ARGININEBENAZEPRILCANDOXATRILSPIRAPRILHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDETHERAPEUTIC GLUCOCORTICOIDCILAZAPRILRESCINNAMINEARGIPRESSINACETYLCHOLINEGEMFIBROZILTEMOCAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDEENALAPRIL MALEATEBENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDEFUROSEMIDEFOSINOPRILENALAPRILAT ANHYDROUSINDOMETHACINCGS-27023AILOMASTATTORSEMIDEGALLOPAMILSALVIANOLIC ACID BMOEXIPRIL HYDROCHLORIDEFOSINOPRIL SODIUMALACEPRILMALATHIONCOMPOUND 5 [PMID: 24900526]AZD1236FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDESILDENAFILMETOPROLOL