Protein detail

ACE

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) (Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I) (Kininase II) (CD antigen CD143) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]

Protein symbol ACE	UniProt ID P12821	EVMP score 0.25
Frequency 2	Transmembrane count 1	Protein classification Candidate cardiovascular disease genesCD markersDisease related genesEnzymesFDA approved drug targetsHuman disease related genesMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsPredicted secreted proteins

Basic Information

Protein Names

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (EC 3.4.15.1) (Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I) (Kininase II) (CD antigen CD143) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]

Protein Class

Candidate cardiovascular disease genesCD markersDisease related genesEnzymesFDA approved drug targetsHuman disease related genesMetabolic proteinsPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsPredicted secreted proteins

Protein Function

Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Allergies and autoimmune diseases
Human disease related genes:Urinary system diseases:Kidney diseases
Predicted intracellular proteins
Human disease related genes:Endocrine and metabolic diseases:Diabetes
Human disease related genes:Congenital malformations:Congenital malformations of the urinary system
CD markers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Enzymes
Predicted secreted proteins
ENZYME proteins:Hydrolases
Peptidases:Metallopeptidases
Disease related genes
FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
Human disease related genes:Nervous system diseases:Eye disease

Transmembrane

1257..1277; Helical

Transmembrane Count

Ensembl

ENSG00000159640

Entrez Gene Symbol

ACE

Gene Synonym

ACE1CD143DCP1

Gene Description

Angiotensin I converting enzyme

Chromosome

Position

63477061-63498380

Frequency

EVMP Score

0.25

Fluorescence & Localization

Tissue Specificlymphoid tissueCell SpecificB-cellsSingle-Nuclei Brain SpecificleukocyteBlood Cell Specificbasophil

Function & Pathway

Protein Function

Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Allergies and autoimmune diseases
Human disease related genes:Urinary system diseases:Kidney diseases
Predicted intracellular proteins
Human disease related genes:Endocrine and metabolic diseases:Diabetes
Human disease related genes:Congenital malformations:Congenital malformations of the urinary system
CD markers
Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
Enzymes
Predicted secreted proteins
ENZYME proteins:Hydrolases
Peptidases:Metallopeptidases
Disease related genes
FDA approved drug targets:Small molecule drugs
Human disease related genes:Nervous system diseases:Eye disease

Cellular Component

Molecular Function

Biological Process

KEGG

Reactome

Mediation Categories

Clinical-translation mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediationMetabolism mediationReceptor-signaling mediation

Relations & Evidence

Enzyme-Mediated Modification

3 records.

Substrate Gene Symbol	Enzyme Gene Symbol	Enzyme UniProt ID	Residue Type	Residue Offset	Modification	Database	References
ACE	CSNK2A1	P68400	S	1,299	phosphorylation	phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPSIGNORProtMapperKEAPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper	SIGNOR:12386153 KEA:14615289
ACE	CSF3	P09919	S	1,299	phosphorylation	REACH_ProtMapperProtMapper	ProtMapper:29549541
ACE	KNG1	P01042	S	1,299	phosphorylation	REACH_ProtMapperProtMapper	ProtMapper:19065996

Ligand-Receptor Signaling

38 records.

Category	Parent	Database	Transmitter	Receiver	Secreted	Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane)	Plasma Membrane (Peripheral)
cell_surface_ligand	cell_surface_ligand	OmniPath	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
cell_surface_enzyme	cell_surface_enzyme	Surfaceome	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
cell_surface_enzyme	cell_surface_enzyme	OmniPath	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_location	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_topology	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_keyword	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane_predicted	transmembrane	OmniPath	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	TopDB	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	LOCATE	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	Ramilowski_location	No	No	Yes	Yes	No

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Regulatory Interaction Network

2 records.

Source Protein Symbol	Source UniProt ID	Target Protein Symbol	Target UniProt ID	Is Directed	Is Stimulation	Is Inhibition	Database	References
ACE	P12821	ANGT	P01019	Yes	Yes	No	HINTLit-BM-17SIGNORBioGRID	Lit-BM-17:10969042 SIGNOR:11076943 HINT:10969042 Lit-BM-17:15283675 HINT:15283675 BioGRID:23056909 Lit-BM-17:23056909 HINT:23056909
CSK21	P68400	ACE	P12821	Yes	Yes	No	phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPiPTMnetSIGNORProtMapperKinexus_KEAKEASIGNOR_ProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper	PhosphoSite:14615289 SIGNOR:12386153 PhosphoSite:21901117 PhosphoSite:15569856 PhosphoSite:16186248 PhosphoSite:16476786 ProtMapper:12386153 PhosphoSite:12386153 KEA:14615289

Protein Complex Composition

17 records.

Component Name	Component Gene Symbols	Component UniProt ID	Stoichiometry	Database	Database IDs	References
CoV2 Spike protein-ACE2	ACE2 P0DTC2	P0DTC2 Q9BYF1	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C254
HSPA2-ACR-PDIA6 complex	ACE HSPA2 PDIA6	P12821 P54652 Q15084	0:0:0	CORUM	CORUM:6078	26676989
HT_SC_Cluster172	BACE2 HSPA4 HSPA4L HSPH1 KLHDC3 RABEPK	O95757 P34932 Q7Z6M1 Q92598 Q9BQ90 Q9Y5Z0	1:1:1:1:1:1	Compleat	Compleat:HC1327
Spike protein-ACE2	ACE2 P59594	P59594 Q9BYF1	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C240
Ub:HECT_E3	HACE1 UBB	P0CG47 Q8IYU2	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C518
Ub:HECT_E3	HACE1 UBC	P0CG48 Q8IYU2	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C518
Ub:HECT_E3	HACE1 RPS27A	P62979 Q8IYU2	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C518
Ub:HECT_E3	HACE1 UBA52	P62987 Q8IYU2	0:0	SIGNOR	SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C518
	BACE2 BET1 BET1L GOSR1 GOSR2 HSPA4 NAPA NSF SCFD1 SEC22B SGTA STX5 UBC USO1 YKT6	O14653 O15155 O15498 O43765 O60763 O75396 O95249 P0CG48 P34932 P46459 P54920 Q13190 Q8WVM8 Q9NYM9 Q9Y5Z0	1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1	NetworkBlastCompleat	Compleat:HC9845
	AP1B1 AP1G1 AP1M1 AP1M2 AP1S1 AP2B1 BACE2 CLINT1 CLTB CLTC GGA2 HSPH1 SGTB UBC	O43747 P09497 P0CG48 P61966 P63010 Q00610 Q10567 Q14677 Q92598 Q96EQ0 Q9BXS5 Q9UJY4 Q9Y5Z0 Q9Y6Q5	1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1	NetworkBlastCompleat	Compleat:HC7548

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Isolation & Detection Technology

1 record.

EV Isolation Method	Detection Method	Number of References	References
Differential UltracentrifugationSize Exclusion ChromatographyImmunoaffinity Capture	Mass spectrometry	8	38113368 40189497 41068253 33592500 27487081 38207106 34576246 37204515

Sequence, Structure & Domains

Sequences

Length

1,306

Mass

149,715

Sequence

MGAASGRRGPGLLLPLPLLLLLPPQPALALDPGLQPGNFSADEAGAQLFAQSYNSSAEQVLFQSVAASWAHDTNITAENARRQEEAALLSQEFAEAWGQKAKELYEPIWQNFTDPQLRRIIGAVRTLGSANLPLAKRQQYNALLSNMSRIYSTAKVCLPNKTATCWSLDPDLTNILASSRSYAMLLFAWEGWHNAAGIPLKPLYEDFTALSNEAYKQDGFTDTGAYWRSWYNSPTFEDDLEHLYQQLEPLYLNLHAFVRRALHRRYGDRYINLRGPIPAHLLGDMWAQSWENIYDMVVPFPDKPNLDVTSTMLQQGWNATHMFRVAEEFFTSLELSPMPPEFWEGSMLEKPADGREVVCHASAWDFYNRKDFRIKQCTRVTMDQLSTVHHEMGHIQYYLQYKDLPVSLRRGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPEHLHKIGLLDRVTNDTESDINYLLKMALEKIAFLPFGYLVDQWRWGVFSGRTPPSRYNFDWWYLRTKYQGICPPVTRNETHFDAGAKFHVPNVTPYIRYFVSFVLQFQFHEALCKEAGYEGPLHQCDIYRSTKAGAKLRKVLQAGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGIDLVTDEAEASKFVEEYDRTSQVVWNEYAEANWNYNTNITTETSKILLQKNMQIANHTLKYGTQARKFDVNQLQNTTIKRIIKKVQDLERAALPAQELEEYNKILLDMETTYSVATVCHPNGSCLQLEPDLTNVMATSRKYEDLLWAWEGWRDKAGRAILQFYPKYVELINQAARLNGYVDAGDSWRSMYETPSLEQDLERLFQELQPLYLNLHAYVRRALHRHYGAQHINLEGPIPAHLLGNMWAQTWSNIYDLVVPFPSAPSMDTTEAMLKQGWTPRRMFKEADDFFTSLGLLPVPPEFWNKSMLEKPTDGREVVCHASAWDFYNGKDFRIKQCTTVNLEDLVVAHHEMGHIQYFMQYKDLPVALREGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPKHLHSLNLLSSEGGSDEHDINFLMKMALDKIAFIPFSYLVDQWRWRVFDGSITKENYNQEWWSLRLKYQGLCPPVPRTQGDFDPGAKFHIPSSVPYIRYFVSFIIQFQFHEALCQAAGHTGPLHKCDIYQSKEAGQRLATAMKLGFSRPWPEAMQLITGQPNMSASAMLSYFKPLLDWLRTENELHGEKLGWPQYNWTPNSARSEGPLPDSGRVSFLGLDLDAQQARVGQWLLLFLGIALLVATLGLSQRLFSIRHRSLHRHSHGPQFGSEVELRHS

Alternative Products

Event=Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=4; Name=Somatic-1; IsoId=P12821-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=Somatic-2; Synonyms=Soluble; IsoId=P12821-2; Sequence=VSP_029932, VSP_029933; Name=Testis-specific; Synonyms=ACE-T, ACEt, tACE, hTACE; IsoId=P12821-3, P22966-1; Sequence=VSP_035120, VSP_035121; Name=4; IsoId=P12821-4; Sequence=VSP_054836, VSP_054837

Alternative Sequence

1..641; MGAASGRRGPGLLLPLPLLLLLPPQPALALDPGLQPGNFSADEAGAQLFAQSYNSSAEQVLFQSVAASWAHDTNITAENARRQEEAALLSQEFAEAWGQKAKELYEPIWQNFTDPQLRRIIGAVRTLGSANLPLAKRQQYNALLSNMSRIYSTAKVCLPNKTATCWSLDPDLTNILASSRSYAMLLFAWEGWHNAAGIPLKPLYEDFTALSNEAYKQDGFTDTGAYWRSWYNSPTFEDDLEHLYQQLEPLYLNLHAFVRRALHRRYGDRYINLRGPIPAHLLGDMWAQSWENIYDMVVPFPDKPNLDVTSTMLQQGWNATHMFRVAEEFFTSLELSPMPPEFWEGSMLEKPADGREVVCHASAWDFYNRKDFRIKQCTRVTMDQLSTVHHEMGHIQYYLQYKDLPVSLRRGANPGFHEAIGDVLALSVSTPEHLHKIGLLDRVTNDTESDINYLLKMALEKIAFLPFGYLVDQWRWGVFSGRTPPSRYNFDWWYLRTKYQGICPPVTRNETHFDAGAKFHVPNVTPYIRYFVSFVLQFQFHEALCKEAGYEGPLHQCDIYRSTKAGAKLRKVLQAGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGID -> MGQGWATAGLPSLLFLLLCYGHPLLVPSQEASQQVTVTHGTSSQATTSSQTTTHQATAHQTSAQSPN (in isoform 4); 1..574; Missing (in isoform Testis-specific); 575..641; AGSSRPWQEVLKDMVGLDALDAQPLLKYFQPVTQWLQEQNQQNGEVLGWPEYQWHPPLPDNYPEGID -> MGQGWATAGLPSLLFLLLCYGHPLLVPSQEASQQVTVTHGTSSQATTSSQTTTHQATAHQTSAQSPN (in isoform Testis-specific); 1128..1168; Missing (in isoform 4); 1137..1145; QFHEALCQA -> HPFSQHTAA (in isoform Somatic-2); 1146..1306; Missing (in isoform Somatic-2)

3D Structural Models

Turn

106..108; 168..170; 217..219; 268..270; 519..524; 634..637; 766..768; 799..801; 999..1001; 1083..1085; 1117..1122; 1172..1175; 1222..1225

Helix

32..34; 43..72; 77..105; 109..111; 115..124; 128..131; 134..153; 171..178; 182..216; 223..229; 236..266; 291..293; 294..297; 309..314; 319..332; 340..345; 382..401; 406..408; 414..428; 431..436; 447..461; 464..479; 485..487; 488..500; 514..517; 528..547; 554..556; 563..575; 581..589; 597..617; 638..640; 641..643; 646..675; 680..704; 709..711; 715..724; 728..731; 734..753; 769..776; 780..793; 795..798; 802..815; 821..827; 834..844; 846..864; 866..868; 889..891; 892..895; 906..912; 917..930; 938..943; 980..998; 1004..1006; 1012..1026; 1029..1034; 1045..1059; 1062..1077; 1086..1098; 1112..1115; 1126..1145; 1152..1154; 1161..1171; 1179..1187; 1195..1215

Beta Strand

155..157; 159..161; 165..167; 281..284; 352..354; 362..365; 367..370; 372..375; 481..483; 755..757; 759..761; 763..765; 879..882; 945..947; 950..952; 960..963; 965..968; 970..973; 1037..1040; 1188..1191

3D Structure

Electron microscopy (5); X-ray crystallography (73)

Domain & Motif Annotations

Domain (FT)

40..624; Peptidase M2 1; 643..1222; Peptidase M2 2

Region

1215..1256; Juxtamembrane stalk

Protein Families

Peptidase M2 family

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the peptidase M2 family.

Clinical Relevance

Disease Involvement

FDA approved drug targets

Related Diseases

Asthma Cardiovascular disease Chronic kidney disease Depression Heart failure Hypertension Hypotension Kidney failure Thrombosis COVID-19

Biomarker

Phase 2; Approved; Discontinued in Phase 2/3; Discontinued in Phase 2; Phase 1; Phase 2/3; Phase 3

Drug Targets

FDA approved drug targets

Drugs

VORINOSTAT NULL TRANDOLAPRIL COMPOUND 1 [PMID: 24900526]AZD6605 CAPTOPRIL QUINAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE ASPIRIN DESERPIDINE MOEXIPRIL DELAPRIL ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM TRIHYDRATE PRAVASTATIN SODIUM BUMETANIDE IMIDAPRIL RXP470.1 COMPOUND 20 [PMID: 22153340]LISINOPRIL ANHYDROUS SPIRAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE CARBARIL PERINDOPRIL TP0556351 BUPROPION HYDROCHLORIDE RAMIPRIL ENZYME INHIBITOR NITROPRUSSIDE ILEPATRIL QUINAPRIL PERINDOPRIL ARGININE BENAZEPRIL CANDOXATRIL SPIRAPRIL HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE THERAPEUTIC GLUCOCORTICOID CILAZAPRIL RESCINNAMINE ARGIPRESSIN ACETYLCHOLINE GEMFIBROZIL TEMOCAPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE ENALAPRIL MALEATE BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE FUROSEMIDE FOSINOPRIL ENALAPRILAT ANHYDROUS INDOMETHACIN CGS-27023A ILOMASTAT TORSEMIDE GALLOPAMIL SALVIANOLIC ACID B MOEXIPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE FOSINOPRIL SODIUM ALACEPRIL MALATHION COMPOUND 5 [PMID: 24900526]AZD1236 FLUOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE SILDENAFIL METOPROLOL

Antibody

CAB002426 CAB002921 HPA029298 HPA069790