Protein detail

CD9

CD9 antigen (5H9 antigen) (Cell growth-inhibiting gene 2 protein) (Leukocyte antigen MIC3) (Motility-related protein) (MRP-1) (Tetraspanin-29) (Tspan-29) (p24) (CD antigen CD9)

Entry name CD9	UniProt ID P21926	EVMP confidence score 0.88
Supporting publications (n) 424	Transmembrane count 4	Protein classification Cancer-related genesCD markersPlasma proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters

EVMP confidence score

Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.

Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40

Basic Information13

Protein Names

CD9 antigen (5H9 antigen) (Cell growth-inhibiting gene 2 protein) (Leukocyte antigen MIC3) (Motility-related protein) (MRP-1) (Tetraspanin-29) (Tspan-29) (p24) (CD antigen CD9)

Protein Class (5)

Cancer-related genesCD markersPlasma proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters

Protein Function (3)

Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
CD markers
Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport

Transmembrane

13..33; Helical; 56..76; Helical; 88..111; Helical; 196..221; Helical

Transmembrane Count

Ensembl

ENSG00000010278

Entrez Gene Symbol

CD9

Gene Synonym (5)

BA2MIC3MRP-1P24TSPAN29

Gene Description

CD9 molecule

Chromosome

Position

6199715-6238271

Supporting publications (n)

424

EVMP confidence score

0.88

Fluorescence & Localization1

Function & Pathway7

Protein Function (3)

Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
CD markers
Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport

Cellular Component (11)

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Molecular Function (2)

Biological Process (3)

KEGG (2)

Reactome (10)

Mediation Categories (4)

Adhesion and uptake mediationClinical-translation mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediation

Relations & Evidence41

Ligand-Receptor Signaling (32)

32 records.

Category	Parent	Database	Transmitter	Receiver	Secreted	Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane)	Plasma Membrane (Peripheral)
cell_adhesion	cell_adhesion	Cellinker	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
cell_adhesion	cell_adhesion	Zhong2015	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
adhesion	adhesion	OmniPath	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
cell_adhesion	cell_adhesion	OmniPath	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_location	No	No	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_topology	No	No	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	UniProt_keyword	No	No	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	TopDB	No	No	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	LOCATE	No	No	Yes	No	No
transmembrane	transmembrane	Ramilowski_location	No	No	Yes	No	No

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Protein Complex Composition (8)

8 records.

Component Gene Symbols	Component UniProt ID	Stoichiometry	Database	Database IDs
ASAP3 CD96 CER1 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 O95813 P0DMV9 P40200 Q8TDY4	0:0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CD96 HSPA1A LDB3	O75112 P0DMV8 P40200	0:0:0	hu.MAP
CD96 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 P0DMV9 P40200	0:0:0	hu.MAP
AFG2B CD96 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 P0DMV9 P40200 Q9BVQ7	0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CCNB2 CD96 CRHBP NAA20 POGLUT1 SQSTM1 TNIP1	O95067 P24387 P40200 P61599 Q13501 Q15025 Q8NBL1	0:0:0:0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CD99	P14209	2	PDB	PDB:7sfx
CD9	P21926	4	PDB	PDB:6z20PDB:6rlrPDB:6rlo
CD93	Q9NPY3	4	PDB	PDB:8ivd

Isolation & Detection Technology (1)

1 record.

EV Isolation Method	Detection Method	Number of References	References
Differential UltracentrifugationSize Exclusion Chromatography	Mass spectrometryWestern blotting	2	37667547 36849061

Sequence, Structure & Domains8

Sequences

Length

228

Mass

25,416

Sequence

MPVKGGTKCIKYLLFGFNFIFWLAGIAVLAIGLWLRFDSQTKSIFEQETNNNNSSFYTGVYILIGAGALMMLVGFLGCCGAVQESQCMLGLFFGFLLVIFAIEIAAAIWGYSHKDEVIKEVQEFYKDTYNKLKTKDEPQRETLKAIHYALNCCGLAGGVEQFISDICPKKDVLETFTVKSCPDAIKEVFDNKFHIIGAVGIGIAVVMIFGMIFSMILCCAIRRNREMV

3D Structural Models

Turn

154..156; 169..172

Helix

5..37; 41..45; 55..82; 86..111; 114..133; 137..139; 140..150; 161..166; 173..175; 181..190; 193..222

3D Structure

X-ray crystallography (5)

Domain & Motif Annotations

Protein Families

Tetraspanin (TM4SF) family

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.

Clinical Relevance6

Disease Involvement

Cancer-related genes

Drugs (43)

Antibody

CAB002490

Interaction Protein (2)

ENSG00000110651ENSG00000134247

Interaction Count

Interaction Dataset (2)

biogrid_opencellintact_biogrid_opencell

Supporting Publications409

PMID	Title	Abstract
32820307	[Serum exosomes of rats with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury induce the damage of hippocampus and cerebral cortex].	The morphology and size of exosomes were observed by transmission electron microscope, the expression of exosomes markers CD63 and CD9 was detected by Western blot, and the damage of liver and brain, levels of apoptosis and oxidative stress response in hippocampus and cerebral cortex were observed by serological and histological indexes.
32822875	Altered level of plasma exosomes in patients with Gaucher disease.	We found that the EVs were enriched with the surface exosomal markers (CD9, СD63, CD81) and an exosome-associated protein HSP70 in case of the patients with the disease.
32874118	Differential proteomics analysis of serum exosomein burn patients.	In burn patients, the upregulated proteins ITGA2B and ITGB3 of serum exosomes likely participate in injury detection and repair via PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
32893620	Automated On-Line Isolation and Fractionation System for Nanosized Biomacromolecules from Human Plasma.	The on-line system was versatile, only different monoclonal antibodies, anti-apolipoprotein B-100, anti-CD9, or anti-CD61, were immobilized on monolithic disk columns for isolation of lipoproteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). The platelet-derived CD61-positive EVs and CD9-positive EVs, isolated by IAC, were further fractionated by AsFlFFF to their size-based subpopulations (e.g., exomeres and exosomes) for further analysis.
32930202	Biomedical analysis of exosomes using biosensing methods: recent progress.	Although exosomes can be used to identify various types of external and internal biomarkers by conjugating with recognition elements, most designed biosensors are based on CD9 and CD63. The unique functions of exosomes have been introduced as cancer bio-markers due to the cargo (protein, DNA and RNA) of external exosomes (tetraspanin) and internal exosomes (syntenin).
32944195	Plasma extracellular vesicles detected by Single Molecule array technology as a liquid biopsy for colorectal cancer.	Our results show that CD9-CD63 and Epcam-CD63 SiMoa assays specifically detect extracellular vesicles but not free proteins with high sensitivities. Two extracellular vesicle detection assays, CD9-CD63 and Epcam-CD63, were designed to detect universal extracellular vesicles and tumour-derived extracellular vesicles, respectively.
32951259	Stomatin is highly expressed in exosomes of different origin and is a promising candidate as an exosomal marker.	A high abundance of stomatin in EVs of various origins and its enrichment in exosomes make stomatin a promising exosomal marker. Comparison with other lipid raft proteins and exosomal markers showed that the level of stomatin protein in exosomes from different sources corresponds well to that of CD9, while it differs essentially from flotillin-1 and flotillin-2 homologs, which in turn are present in exosomes in nearly equal proportions. Here we first show the presence of stomatin in exosomes produced by epithelial cancer cells (non-small cell lung cancer, breast, and ovarian cancer cells) as well as in EVs from biological fluids, including blood plasma, ascitic fluids, and uterine flushings. Proteins involved in the organizing of lipid rafts can be found in exosomes, as shown for caveolin-1, and they could contribute to exosomal cargo sorting, as shown for flotillins.
33023058	Anti-Tumor Effects of Exosomes Derived from Drug-Incubated Permanently Growing Human MSC.	Similar to growth-limited human primary cultures of mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells (MSC), the continuously proliferating human MSC544 cell line produced extracellular vesicles as characterized by expression of the tetraspanin molecules CD9, CD63, and CD81.
33101656	Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles promote osteoinduction of mesenchymal stromal cells.	Here, we propose the use of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as an off-the-shelf alternative for PRP and PL for bone regeneration.
33155413	Mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells of GARP knockdown inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of mouse colon cancer cells (MC38) through exosomes.	Exosomes were isolated from MSC and siGARP-MSC cells, and verified by the exosome surface protein markers CD9, CD63 and CD81. Furthermore, siGARP-MSC exosomes impeded IL-6 secretion and partly inactivated JAK1/STAT3 pathway, measured using ELISA and RT-qPCR.

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