Protein detail

CD9

CD9 antigen (5H9 antigen) (Cell growth-inhibiting gene 2 protein) (Leukocyte antigen MIC3) (Motility-related protein) (MRP-1) (Tetraspanin-29) (Tspan-29) (p24) (CD antigen CD9)

Entry name CD9	UniProt ID P21926	EVMP confidence score 0.88
Supporting publications (n) 424	Transmembrane count 4	Protein classification Cancer-related genesCD markersPlasma proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters

EVMP confidence score

Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.

Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40

Basic Information13

Protein Names

CD9 antigen (5H9 antigen) (Cell growth-inhibiting gene 2 protein) (Leukocyte antigen MIC3) (Motility-related protein) (MRP-1) (Tetraspanin-29) (Tspan-29) (p24) (CD antigen CD9)

Protein Class (5)

Cancer-related genesCD markersPlasma proteinsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters

Protein Function (3)

Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
CD markers
Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport

Transmembrane

13..33; Helical; 56..76; Helical; 88..111; Helical; 196..221; Helical

Transmembrane Count

Ensembl

ENSG00000010278

Entrez Gene Symbol

CD9

Gene Synonym (5)

BA2MIC3MRP-1P24TSPAN29

Gene Description

CD9 molecule

Chromosome

Position

6199715-6238271

Supporting publications (n)

424

EVMP confidence score

0.88

Fluorescence & Localization1

Function & Pathway7

Protein Function (3)

Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
CD markers
Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport

Cellular Component (11)

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Molecular Function (2)

Biological Process (3)

KEGG (2)

Reactome (10)

Mediation Categories (4)

Adhesion and uptake mediationClinical-translation mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediation

Relations & Evidence41

Ligand-Receptor Signaling (32)

32 records.

Category	Parent	Database	Transmitter	Receiver	Secreted	Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane)	Plasma Membrane (Peripheral)
extracellular	extracellular	HPMR	No	No	Yes	No	No
extracellular	extracellular	DGIdb	No	No	Yes	No	No
extracellular	extracellular	OmniPath	No	No	Yes	No	No
intracellular	intracellular	LOCATE	No	No	Yes	No	No
intracellular	intracellular	ComPPI	No	No	Yes	No	No
intracellular	intracellular	GO_Intercell	No	No	Yes	No	No
intracellular	intracellular	OmniPath	No	No	Yes	No	No
cell_surface_ligand	cell_surface_ligand	connectomeDB2020	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
cell_surface_ligand	cell_surface_ligand	Baccin2019	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
cell_surface_ligand	cell_surface_ligand	OmniPath	Yes	No	Yes	No	No

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Protein Complex Composition (8)

8 records.

Component Gene Symbols	Component UniProt ID	Stoichiometry	Database	Database IDs
ASAP3 CD96 CER1 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 O95813 P0DMV9 P40200 Q8TDY4	0:0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CD96 HSPA1A LDB3	O75112 P0DMV8 P40200	0:0:0	hu.MAP
CD96 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 P0DMV9 P40200	0:0:0	hu.MAP
AFG2B CD96 HSPA1B LDB3	O75112 P0DMV9 P40200 Q9BVQ7	0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CCNB2 CD96 CRHBP NAA20 POGLUT1 SQSTM1 TNIP1	O95067 P24387 P40200 P61599 Q13501 Q15025 Q8NBL1	0:0:0:0:0:0:0	hu.MAP2
CD99	P14209	2	PDB	PDB:7sfx
CD9	P21926	4	PDB	PDB:6z20PDB:6rlrPDB:6rlo
CD93	Q9NPY3	4	PDB	PDB:8ivd

Isolation & Detection Technology (1)

1 record.

EV Isolation Method	Detection Method	Number of References	References
Differential UltracentrifugationSize Exclusion Chromatography	Mass spectrometryWestern blotting	2	37667547 36849061

Sequence, Structure & Domains8

Sequences

Length

228

Mass

25,416

Sequence

MPVKGGTKCIKYLLFGFNFIFWLAGIAVLAIGLWLRFDSQTKSIFEQETNNNNSSFYTGVYILIGAGALMMLVGFLGCCGAVQESQCMLGLFFGFLLVIFAIEIAAAIWGYSHKDEVIKEVQEFYKDTYNKLKTKDEPQRETLKAIHYALNCCGLAGGVEQFISDICPKKDVLETFTVKSCPDAIKEVFDNKFHIIGAVGIGIAVVMIFGMIFSMILCCAIRRNREMV

3D Structural Models

Turn

154..156; 169..172

Helix

5..37; 41..45; 55..82; 86..111; 114..133; 137..139; 140..150; 161..166; 173..175; 181..190; 193..222

3D Structure

X-ray crystallography (5)

Domain & Motif Annotations

Protein Families

Tetraspanin (TM4SF) family

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.

Clinical Relevance6

Disease Involvement

Cancer-related genes

Drugs (43)

Antibody

CAB002490

Interaction Protein (2)

ENSG00000110651ENSG00000134247

Interaction Count

Interaction Dataset (2)

biogrid_opencellintact_biogrid_opencell

Supporting Publications409

PMID	Title	Abstract
27336721	Cardiac progenitor cell-derived exosomes prevent cardiomyocytes apoptosis through exosomal miR-21 by targeting PDCD4.	Sca1(+)CPCs-derived exosomes were purified from conditional medium, and identified by nanoparticle trafficking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy and western blotting using CD63, CD9 and Alix as markers.
27343445	Exosomal Proteins as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Lung Cancer.	Subsequently, a cocktail of biotin-conjugated CD9, CD81, and CD63 antibodies was used to detect and visualize captured exosomes.
27345057	Identification and characterization of EGF receptor in individual exosomes by fluorescence-activated vesicle sorting.	EGFR and the exosomal marker, CD9, were detected on individual DiFi exosomes by FAVS; moreover, both markers were identified by high-resolution stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy on individual, approximately 100 nm vesicles from flow-sorted EGFR/CD9 double-positive exosomes. Multicolour FAVS was used to simultaneously identify CD9, EGFR and an EGFR ligand, amphiregulin (AREG), on human plasma-derived exosomes from 3 normal individuals. Using human antigen-specific antibodies, FAVS was able to detect human EGFR and CD9 on exosomes isolated from the plasma of athymic nude mice bearing DiFi tumour xenografts. We present evidence that the activation state of EGFR can be assessed in DiFi-derived exosomes using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes "conformationally active" EGFR (mAb 806). We propose that FAVS may be a useful tool to monitor EGFR and AREG in circulating exosomes from individuals with colorectal cancer and possibly other solid tumours.
27356893	Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes and Exosome-Free Conditioned Media From Human Osteosarcoma Cell Lines Reveals Secretion of Proteins Related to Tumor Progression.	Exosome isolation was validated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immuno-blotting for characteristic biomarkers (CD63, CD9, and CD81).
27379194	FRTL-5 Rat Thyroid Cells Release Thyroglobulin Sequestered in Exosomes: A Possible Novel Mechanism for Thyroglobulin Processing in the Thyroid.	Transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting for CD9 indicated the presence of exosomes.
27443953	Altered expression of CD63 and exosomes in scleroderma dermal fibroblasts.	The expression of common markers for exosomes (CD63, CD9, and CD81) and type I collagen were examined with real-time PCR, immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry.
27460850	Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Fracture Healing in a Mouse Model.	This study evaluated the role of exosomes isolated from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) in the fracture-healing process of CD9 ©AlphaMed Press. To address this, we used radiologic imaging, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate the role of exosomes isolated from MSC-conditioned medium (CM) in the healing process in a femur fracture model of CD9 This work focuses on exosomes, which are extracellular vesicles, as a novel additional modulator of cell-to-cell communication.
27464736	Real time and label free profiling of clinically relevant exosomes.	Our approach utilises a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) platform to quantify the proportion of CREs in a two-step strategy that involves (i) initial isolation of bulk exosome population using tetraspanin biomarkers (i.e., CD9, CD63), and (ii) subsequent detection of CREs within the captured bulk exosomes using tumor-specific markers (e.g., human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)). We also demonstrate the successful isolation of exosomes from a small cohort of breast cancer patient samples and identified that approximately 14-35% of their bulk population express HER2. We demonstrate the isolation of bulk exosome population and detection of as low as 10% HER2(+) exosomes from samples containing designated proportions of HER2(+) BT474 and HER2(-) MDA-MB-231 cell derived exosomes.
27536982	Human vaginal fluid contains exosomes that have an inhibitory effect on an early step of the HIV-1 life cycle.	Vaginal fluid contains exosomes expressing CD9, CD63, and CD81 exosomal markers.
27542209	Boar seminal plasma exosomes maintain sperm function by infiltrating into the sperm membrane.	Boar seminal plasma exosomes had typical nano-structure morphology as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular markers such as AWN, CD9 and CD63 by western blot analysis.

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