Protein detail
CD81
CD81 antigen (26 kDa cell surface protein TAPA-1) (Target of the antiproliferative antibody 1) (Tetraspanin-28) (Tspan-28) (CD antigen CD81)
Entry name CD81 | UniProt ID | EVMP confidence score 0.88 |
Supporting publications (n) 305 | Transmembrane count 4 | Protein classification CD markersDisease related genesHuman disease related genesPlasma proteinsPotential drug targetsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters |
EVMP confidence score
Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.
Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40Basic Information13
Protein Names
CD81 antigen (26 kDa cell surface protein TAPA-1) (Target of the antiproliferative antibody 1) (Tetraspanin-28) (Tspan-28) (CD antigen CD81)
Protein Class (7)
CD markersDisease related genesHuman disease related genesPlasma proteinsPotential drug targetsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters
Protein Function (5)
- CD markers
- Potential drug targets
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Primary immunodeficiency
- Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport
- Disease related genes
Transmembrane
13..33; Helical; 64..84; Helical; 90..112; Helical; 202..224; Helical
Transmembrane Count
4
Ensembl
Entrez Gene Symbol
Gene Synonym (3)
TAPA-1TAPA1TSPAN28
Gene Description
CD81 molecule
Chromosome
11
Position
2376177-2397802
Supporting publications (n)
305
EVMP confidence score
0.88
Fluorescence & Localization7
Tissue Specificheart muscleCell SpecificCardiomyocytesBlood Cell SpecificneutrophilBlood Lineage SpecificgranulocytesSecretome LocationIntracellular and membraneSecretome FunctionTransport
Function & Pathway8
Protein Function (5)
- CD markers
- Potential drug targets
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Primary immunodeficiency
- Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport
- Disease related genes
Cellular Component (9)
Molecular Function (7)
Biological Process (3)
KEGG (4)
Reactome (4)
Canonical Pathways
M13 Pid erbb4 pathway
Mediation Categories (4)
Adhesion and uptake mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediationReceptor-signaling mediation
Relations & Evidence44
Ligand-Receptor Signaling (41)
41 records.
| Category | Parent | Database | Transmitter | Receiver | Secreted | Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane) | Plasma Membrane (Peripheral) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| receptor | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | CellTalkDB | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | Ramilowski2015 | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | LRdb | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | Baccin2019 | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| tetraspanins | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| tet3 | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | OmniPath | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| extracellular | extracellular | HPMR | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| extracellular | extracellular | OmniPath | No | No | No | Yes | No |
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Protein Complex Composition (2)
Isolation & Detection Technology (1)
1 record.
| EV Isolation Method | Detection Method | Number of References | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]Mass spectrometry | 0 |
Sequence, Structure & Domains9
Sequences
Length
236
Mass
25,809
Sequence
MGVEGCTKCIKYLLFVFNFVFWLAGGVILGVALWLRHDPQTTNLLYLELGDKPAPNTFYVGIYILIAVGAVMMFVGFLGCYGAIQESQCLLGTFFTCLVILFACEVAAGIWGFVNKDQIAKDVKQFYDQALQQAVVDDDANNAKAVVKTFHETLDCCGSSTLTALTTSVLKNNLCPSGSNIISNLFKEDCHQKIDDLFSGKLYLIGIAAIVVAVIMIFEMILSMVLCCGIRNSSVY
3D Structural Models
Helix
10..36; 57..80; 81..84; 113..115; 116..136; 141..154; 163..165; 166..171; 172..174; 181..185; 190..199; 202..230
Beta Strand
158..160
3D Structure
Electron microscopy (1); X-ray crystallography (15)
Domain & Motif Annotations
Domain (CC)
Binds cholesterol in a cavity lined by the transmembrane spans.
Protein Families
Tetraspanin (TM4SF) family
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Clinical Relevance4
Supporting Publications305
| PMID | Title | Abstract |
|---|---|---|
| 24371518 | Therapeutic MSC exosomes are derived from lipid raft microdomains in the plasma membrane. | CONCLUSION: Together, our data demonstrated that MSC exosomes are derived from endocytosed lipid rafts and that their protein cargo includes exosome-associated proteins CD81, CD9, Alix and Tsg101. CTB which binds GM1 gangliosides that are enriched in lipid rafts extracted exosome-associated proteins, CD81, CD9, Alix and Tsg101 from MSC-conditioned medium. |
| 24400444 | Epidermal growth factor receptor localized to exosome membranes as a possible biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis. | No abstract available |
| 24667602 | Radiation increases the cellular uptake of exosomes through CD29/CD81 complex formation. | Radiation markedly enhanced the initial cellular attachment to exosomes and induced the colocalization of integrin CD29 and tetraspanin CD81 on the cell surface without affecting their expression levels. |
| 24825548 | Cardiomyocytes mediate anti-angiogenesis in type 2 diabetic rats through the exosomal transfer of miR-320 into endothelial cells. | While exosomes derived from GK myocytes (GK-exosomes) displayed similar size and molecular markers (CD63 and CD81) to those originated from the control Wistar rat myocytes (WT-exosomes), their regulatory role in angiogenesis is opposite. |
| 24952935 | Expression of B-cell surface antigens in subpopulations of exosomes released from B-cell lymphoma cells. | CD19, CD20, CD24, CD37, and HLA-DR, but not CD22, CD23, CD40, and CD45, are expressed on exosomes from B-cell lymphoma cell lines with large heterogeneity among the different B-cell lymphoma cell lines. IMPLICATIONS: Distribution of exosomes that contain CD19, CD20, CD24, CD37, and HLA-DR may intercept immunotherapy directed against these antigens, which is important to be aware of for optimal treatment. METHODS: Western blotting, flow cytometry, and electron microscopy were used to compare the total preenriched extracellular vesicle (EV) pool to each fraction of vesicles after specific isolation, using magnetic beads conjugated with antibodies raised against the exosome markers CD63 and CD81. The main purpose of this study was to characterize CD81(+) and CD63(+) subpopulations of exosomes in terms of these surface markers after release from various types of B-cell lymphoma cell lines using an easy and reliable method of immunomagnetic separation. |
| 25319668 | Magnetic bead-based isolation of exosomes. | Exosomes are here defined as extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the approximate size range of 30-100 nm in diameter, and are observed in most body fluids containing typical exosomal markers such as CD9, CD63, and CD81. |
| 25338648 | Exosomes from breast cancer cells stimulate proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of CD133+ cancer cells in vitro. | Exosome uptake by CD133+ and CD133-4T1 cells was confirmed by confocal microscopy. The exosome-associated markers CD63, CD9 and CD81 were detected, and the size distribution and ζ potential of the exosomes were determined. |
| 25396408 | Comparative analysis of discrete exosome fractions obtained by differential centrifugation. | Relative expression of exosomal markers (TSG101, CD81, syntenin) suggested presence of exosome subpopulations with variable sedimentation characteristics. |
| 25473095 | Human saliva-derived exosomes: comparing methods of isolation. | Electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy with anti-CD63 showed vesicular nanoparticles surrounded by bi-layered membrane, compatible with exosomes in EQ, similar to that observed with UC. |
| 25711438 | Vascular smooth muscle cell calcification is mediated by regulated exosome secretion. | In vivo, multivesicular bodies containing exosomes were observed in vessels from chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis, and CD63 was found to colocalize with calcification. METHODS AND RESULTS: Alexa488-labeled fetuin-A was internalized by human VSMCs, trafficked via the endosomal system, and exocytosed from multivesicular bodies via exosome release. VSMC-derived exosomes were enriched with the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81, and their release was regulated by sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3. |