Protein detail
S10A9
Protein S100-A9 (Calgranulin-B) (Calprotectin L1H subunit) (Leukocyte L1 complex heavy chain) (Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14) (MRP-14) (p14) (S100 calcium-binding protein A9)
Entry name S10A9 | UniProt ID | EVMP confidence score 0.72 |
Supporting publications (n) 19 | Transmembrane count | Protein classification Cancer-related genesPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted secreted proteins |
EVMP confidence score
Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.
Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40Basic Information11
Protein Names
Protein S100-A9 (Calgranulin-B) (Calprotectin L1H subunit) (Leukocyte L1 complex heavy chain) (Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14) (MRP-14) (p14) (S100 calcium-binding protein A9)
Protein Class (4)
Cancer-related genesPlasma proteinsPredicted intracellular proteinsPredicted secreted proteins
Protein Function (3)
- Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
- Predicted secreted proteins
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Ensembl
Entrez Gene Symbol
Gene Synonym (12)
60B8AGCAGBCFAGCGLBLIAGMAC387MIFMRP-14MRP14NIFP14S100-A9
Gene Description
S100 calcium binding protein A9
Chromosome
1
Position
153357854-153361023
Supporting publications (n)
19
EVMP confidence score
0.72
Fluorescence & Localization4
Tissue SpecificintestineCell SpecificColonocytesBlood Cell SpecificneutrophilBlood Lineage Specificgranulocytes
Function & Pathway7
Protein Function (3)
- Cancer-related genes:Candidate cancer biomarkers
- Predicted secreted proteins
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Cellular Component (12)
- GO:0005576 extracellular region
- GO:0005615 extracellular space
- GO:0005634 nucleus
- GO:0005737 cytoplasm
- GO:0005829 cytosol
- GO:0005856 cytoskeleton
- GO:0005886 plasma membrane
- GO:0034774 secretory granule lumen
- GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix
- GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
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Molecular Function (9)
Biological Process (3)
Reactome (18)
- R-hsa-1280218 adaptive immune system
- R-hsa-1236975 antigen processing cross presentation
- R-hsa-6803157 antimicrobial peptides
- R-hsa-2173782 binding and uptake of ligands by scavenger receptors
- R-hsa-983169 class i mhc mediated antigen processing presentation
- R-hsa-5260271 diseases of immune system
- R-hsa-168249 innate immune system
- R-hsa-5603041 irak4 deficiency tlr2 4
- R-hsa-6799990 metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins
- R-hsa-6798695 neutrophil degranulation
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Mediation Categories (4)
Clinical-translation mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediationReceptor-signaling mediation
Relations & Evidence36
Enzyme-Mediated Modification (1)
1 record.
| Substrate Gene Symbol | Enzyme Gene Symbol | Enzyme UniProt ID | Residue Type | Residue Offset | Modification | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S100A9 | MAPK14 | Q16539 | T | 113 | phosphorylation | phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPHPRD_MIMPProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper |
Ligand-Receptor Signaling (26)
26 records.
| Category | Parent | Database | Transmitter | Receiver | Secreted | Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane) | Plasma Membrane (Peripheral) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| secreted | secreted | connectomeDB2020 | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| secreted | secreted | Matrisome | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| secreted | secreted | Cellinker | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| secreted | secreted | OmniPath | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | talklr | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | Cellinker | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | connectomeDB2020 | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | Matrisome | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | iTALK | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| ligand | ligand | ICELLNET | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
Regulatory Interaction Network (3)
3 records.
| Source Protein Symbol | Source UniProt ID | Target Protein Symbol | Target UniProt ID | Is Directed | Is Stimulation | Is Inhibition | Database | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S10A9 | P06702 | TLR4 | O00206 | Yes | Yes | No | Fantom5_LRdbCellTalkDBiTALKtalklrICELLNETReactome_LRdbSIGNORconnectomeDB2020LRdbRamilowski2015 | ICELLNET:17767165talklr:17767165connectomeDB2020:17767165CellTalkDB:17767165SIGNOR:28137827Ramilowski2015:17767165LRdb:17767165 |
| S10A9 | P06702 | RAGE | Q15109 | Yes | Yes | No | InnateDBCellinkerCellTalkDBSIGNOR | Cellinker:28504650InnateDB:23667563CellTalkDB:28504650SIGNOR:28137827 |
| MK14 | Q16539 | S10A9 | P06702 | Yes | No | No | phosphoELM_MIMPPhosphoSite_MIMPMIMPHPRD_MIMPiPTMnetProtMapperPhosphoSitePhosphoSite_ProtMapper | PhosphoSite:22230807PhosphoSite:2478889PhosphoSite:17429438PhosphoSite:15905572 |
Protein Complex Composition (5)
5 records.
| Component Name | Component Gene Symbols | Component UniProt ID | Stoichiometry | Database | Database IDs | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calprotectin complex | S100A8S100A9 | P05109P06702 | 6:6 | CORUMSIGNORComplexPortalPDB | SIGNOR:SIGNOR-C293PDB:5w1fPDB:8sjbintact:EBI-10098681PDB:1xk4CORUM:6826PDB:4ggfPDB:8sjcPDB:4xjkintact:EBI-10098135PDB:7quvPDB:1XK4PDB:4GGFPDB:6ds2 | 1705000417553524255974471475529229890074 |
| S100A9 complex | S100A9 | P06702 | 2 | ComplexPortalPDB | PDB:1irjintact:EBI-10099500PDB:5i8nPDB:1IRJPDB:7ui5 | 15642721224891321475529223123827 |
| iNOS-S100A8/A9 complex | NOS2S100A8S100A9 | P05109P06702P35228 | 1:1:1 | CORUMComplexPortal | CORUM:6827intact:EBI-10105915 | 1475529225417112 |
| S100A7S100A8S100A9 | P05109P06702P31151 | 0:0:0 | hu.MAP2 | |||
| S100A8S100A9SUSD3 | P05109P06702Q96L08 | 0:0:0 | hu.MAP2 |
Isolation & Detection Technology (1)
1 record.
| EV Isolation Method | Detection Method | Number of References | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Differential UltracentrifugationUltrafiltration / Tangential Flow FiltrationSize Exclusion ChromatographyPolymer Precipitation | Western blotting|Mass spectrometry|FACSMass spectrometryR Sequencing | 10 | 29045505356114623816890639505756216304622789410429045505383215353955813434980157 |
Sequence, Structure & Domains12
Sequences
Length
114
Mass
13,242
Sequence
MTCKMSQLERNIETIINTFHQYSVKLGHPDTLNQGEFKELVRKDLQNFLKKENKNEKVIEHIMEDLDTNADKQLSFEEFIMLMARLTWASHEKMHEGDEGPGHHHKPGLGEGTP
3D Structural Models
Turn
45..49; 95..97; 108..110
Helix
7..23; 34..44; 50..53; 56..66; 76..94
Beta Strand
25..28; 71..74
3D Structure
NMR spectroscopy (2); X-ray crystallography (9)
Domain & Motif Annotations
Compositional Bias
93..102; Basic and acidic residues
Domain (FT)
12..47; EF-hand 1; 54..89; EF-hand 2
Region
93..114; Disordered
Protein Families
S-100 family
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the S-100 family.
Clinical Relevance9
Disease Involvement
Cancer-related genes
Related Diseases (2)
Biomarker
Phase 2; Phase 3
Drug Targets (2)
Clinical trial targetLiterature-reported target
Drugs (2)
Interaction Protein (4)
ENSG00000137486ENSG00000141480ENSG00000143546ENSG00000158828
Interaction Count
4
Interaction Dataset (2)
intact_biogridbiogrid_bioplex
Supporting Publications18
| PMID | Title | Abstract |
|---|---|---|
| 23585443 | Proteome profiling of exosomes derived from human primary and metastatic colorectal cancer cells reveal differential expression of key metastatic factors and signal transduction components. | A key finding of this study was the detection and colocalization of protein complexes EPCAM-CLDN7 and TNIK-RAP2A in colorectal cancer cell exosomes. A major finding was the selective enrichment of metastatic factors (MET, S100A8, S100A9, TNC), signal transduction molecules (EFNB2, JAG1, SRC, TNIK), and lipid raft and lipid raft-associated components (CAV1, FLOT1, FLOT2, PROM1) in exosomes derived from metastatic SW620 cells. Exosomes purified using OptiPrep™ density gradient fractionation were 40-100 nm in diameter, were of a buoyant density ~1.09 g/mL, and displayed stereotypic exosomal markers TSG101, Alix, and CD63. |
| 24295599 | Exosomes from myeloid-derived suppressor cells carry biologically active proteins. | The pro-inflammatory proteins S100A8 and S100A9, previously shown to be secreted by MDSC and to be chemotactic for MDSC, are abundant in MDSC-derived exosomes. |
| 27353274 | Histopathological assessment of calcification and inflammation of calcific aortic valves from patients with and without diabetes mellitus. | Furthermore, in diabetic patients we found significantly increased expression of annexin II (p=0.04) and annexin V (p=0.04), both of which are thought to play a role in microcalcification formation via apoptosis or extracellular vesicle release. |
| 27748581 | Evaluation of Spectral Counting for Relative Quantitation of Proteoforms in Top-Down Proteomics. | Following the evaluation and comparison of these label-free top-down quantitation strategies using spiked proteins, spectral counting, along with normalized chromatographic peak areas and intensities, were used to analyze the complex protein cargo of exosomes shed by myeloid-derived suppressor cells collected under high and low conditions of inflammation, revealing statistically significant differences in abundance for several proteoforms, including the active pro-inflammatory proteins S100A8 and S100A9. |
| 30990781 | Comparison of six commercial serum exosome isolation methods suitable for clinical laboratories. Effect in cytokine analysis. | Albumin was present in all exosome extracts analyzed and ApoB in all except those extracted with Exo-Flow and ME. Exosome markers CD63, CD9 and TSG101 were determined by Western blot. |
| 31559140 | Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Promote the Stemness of Colorectal Cancer Cells through Exosomal S100A9. | Hypoxia induces G-MDSCs to secrete more exosomes in a hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-dependent manner, and respiratory hyperoxia can reduce CRC cells stemness through the inhibition of GM-Exo production. It is found that S100A9, is highly expressed in G-MDSC-derived exosomes, and its blockade suppresses CRC cell stemness and the susceptibility of mice to AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated colon cancer. |
| 32051051 | Electron Microscopy-Based Comparison and Investigation of the Morphology of Exosomes Derived from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Isolated at Different Centrifugal Speeds. | Transforming growth factor signaling bioactive substances (TGF-β1, S100A8, and S100A9) can be found in exosomes by performing Western blotting, showing that the internal content is associated with metastasis of HCC. |
| 32460581 | S100A9-RAGE Axis Accelerates Formation of Macrophage-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle Microcalcification in Diabetes Mellitus. | Our goal was to identify that increased S100A9 promotes the release of calcification-prone extracellular vesicles from human macrophages in diabetes mellitus. Recombinant S100A9 induced the expression of proinflammatory and osteogenic factors, as well as the number of extracellular vesicles with high calcific potential (alkaline phosphatase activity, Under hyperglycemic conditions, macrophages release calcific extracellular vesicles through mechanisms involving the S100A9-RAGE axis, thus contributing to the formation of microcalcification within atherosclerotic plaques. |
| 33275138 | Elongated neutrophil-derived structures are blood-borne microparticles formed by rolling neutrophils during sepsis. | Unlike neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles, most ENDS are negative for the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81. |
| 33338939 | Molecular cargo in myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their exosomes. | Bioassays showed that exosomes induce MDSC chemotaxis dependent on S100A8 and S100A9 in their cargo. Surface selective chemistry identified glycoproteins on MDSC and exosome surfaces, including CD47 and thrombospondin 1, which both facilitate exosome-catalyzed chemotaxis. |
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