Protein detail
CD81
CD81 antigen (26 kDa cell surface protein TAPA-1) (Target of the antiproliferative antibody 1) (Tetraspanin-28) (Tspan-28) (CD antigen CD81)
Entry name CD81 | UniProt ID | EVMP confidence score 0.88 |
Supporting publications (n) 305 | Transmembrane count 4 | Protein classification CD markersDisease related genesHuman disease related genesPlasma proteinsPotential drug targetsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters |
EVMP confidence score
Annotation confidence score; open for threshold definitions.
Extremely high >= 0.85High >= 0.70Medium >= 0.55Low >= 0.40Basic Information13
Protein Names
CD81 antigen (26 kDa cell surface protein TAPA-1) (Target of the antiproliferative antibody 1) (Tetraspanin-28) (Tspan-28) (CD antigen CD81)
Protein Class (7)
CD markersDisease related genesHuman disease related genesPlasma proteinsPotential drug targetsPredicted membrane proteinsTransporters
Protein Function (5)
- CD markers
- Potential drug targets
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Primary immunodeficiency
- Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport
- Disease related genes
Transmembrane
13..33; Helical; 64..84; Helical; 90..112; Helical; 202..224; Helical
Transmembrane Count
4
Ensembl
Entrez Gene Symbol
Gene Synonym (3)
TAPA-1TAPA1TSPAN28
Gene Description
CD81 molecule
Chromosome
11
Position
2376177-2397802
Supporting publications (n)
305
EVMP confidence score
0.88
Fluorescence & Localization7
Tissue Specificheart muscleCell SpecificCardiomyocytesBlood Cell SpecificneutrophilBlood Lineage SpecificgranulocytesSecretome LocationIntracellular and membraneSecretome FunctionTransport
Function & Pathway8
Protein Function (5)
- CD markers
- Potential drug targets
- Human disease related genes:Immune system diseases:Primary immunodeficiency
- Transporters:Accessory Factors Involved in Transport
- Disease related genes
Cellular Component (9)
Molecular Function (7)
Biological Process (3)
KEGG (4)
Reactome (4)
Canonical Pathways
M13 Pid erbb4 pathway
Mediation Categories (4)
Adhesion and uptake mediationFusion and delivery mediationImmune mediationReceptor-signaling mediation
Relations & Evidence44
Ligand-Receptor Signaling (41)
41 records.
| Category | Parent | Database | Transmitter | Receiver | Secreted | Plasma Membrane (Transmembrane) | Plasma Membrane (Peripheral) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| receptor | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | CellTalkDB | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | Ramilowski2015 | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | LRdb | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | Baccin2019 | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| tetraspanins | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| tet3 | receptor | HPMR | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| receptor | receptor | OmniPath | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| extracellular | extracellular | HPMR | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| extracellular | extracellular | OmniPath | No | No | No | Yes | No |
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Protein Complex Composition (2)
Isolation & Detection Technology (1)
1 record.
| EV Isolation Method | Detection Method | Number of References | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]Mass spectrometry | 0 |
Sequence, Structure & Domains9
Sequences
Length
236
Mass
25,809
Sequence
MGVEGCTKCIKYLLFVFNFVFWLAGGVILGVALWLRHDPQTTNLLYLELGDKPAPNTFYVGIYILIAVGAVMMFVGFLGCYGAIQESQCLLGTFFTCLVILFACEVAAGIWGFVNKDQIAKDVKQFYDQALQQAVVDDDANNAKAVVKTFHETLDCCGSSTLTALTTSVLKNNLCPSGSNIISNLFKEDCHQKIDDLFSGKLYLIGIAAIVVAVIMIFEMILSMVLCCGIRNSSVY
3D Structural Models
Helix
10..36; 57..80; 81..84; 113..115; 116..136; 141..154; 163..165; 166..171; 172..174; 181..185; 190..199; 202..230
Beta Strand
158..160
3D Structure
Electron microscopy (1); X-ray crystallography (15)
Domain & Motif Annotations
Domain (CC)
Binds cholesterol in a cavity lined by the transmembrane spans.
Protein Families
Tetraspanin (TM4SF) family
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Clinical Relevance4
Supporting Publications305
| PMID | Title | Abstract |
|---|---|---|
| 26956853 | Protection of Nerve Injury with Exosome Extracted from Mesenchymal Stem Cell. | Cytokines that had neurotrophic effects on Exosomes were mainly insulin-like growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor, with the concentration being 9336.49±258.63 and 58,645.50±16,014.62, respectively; brain derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor,and vascular endothelial growth factor had lower levels, with the concentration being 1928.25±385.47, 1136.94±5.99, and 33.34±9.43, respectively. Exosomes from hAMSCs had similar sizes to those isolated from other kinds of cells, and expressed the characteristic proteins such as CD63, CD81, HSP70, and HSP90. Exosomes secreted from hAMSCs have protective effect against neuron damage induced by glutamate, which may be mediated through activating the PI3/K-Akt signalling pathway. The protective action of Exosome and its possible signaling pathway were researched by the in vitro neural injury induced by glutamate, including control group (without Glu), Glu group (dealing with Glu), Glu+Exo group (dealing with Glu +100 ng/ml Exo), Glu+Exo+Akt group (dealing with Glu+100 ng/ml Exo+10 μmol/L Akt), Glu+Exo+Erk group (dealing with 100 ng/ml Glu+100 ng/ml Exo+10 μmol/L Erk), and Glu+Exo+TrkB group (dealing with Glu+100 ng/ml Exo +10 μmol/L TrkB). |
| 27048572 | Extracellular vesicles during Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 infection: an inquire. | The thesis of this article is that: a) during HSV-1 infection vesicles are delivered from infected to uninfected cells that influence the infection; b) the cargo of these vesicles consists of viral and host transcripts (mRNAs, miRNAs and non-coding RNAs) and proteins including innate immune components, such as STING; and c) the viral vesicles carry the tetraspanins CD9, CD63 and CD81, which are considered as markers of exosomes. |
| 27158133 | Characterization and Small RNA Content of Extracellular Vesicles in Follicular Fluid of Developing Bovine Antral Follicles. | Electron microscopy indicated a highly purified population of the lipid bilayer enclosed vesicles that were enriched in exosome biomarkers including CD81 and Alix. |
| 27211553 | HIV-Nef and ADAM17-Containing Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Induce and Correlate with Immune Pathogenesis in Chronic HIV Infection. | No abstract available |
| 27246926 | Serum-derived exosomes from non-viremic animals previously exposed to the porcine respiratory and reproductive virus contain antigenic viral proteins. | Exosome-enriched fractions from naïve and natural infected animals contained classical tetraspanin exosomal markers (CD63 and CD81) and high concentrations of particles in the size-range of exosomes as detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis and cryo-TEM. |
| 27317346 | Exosome-like vesicles in uterine aspirates: a comparison of ultracentrifugation-based isolation protocols. | However, the Standard procedure was the best performing protocol to isolate exosome-like vesicles from uterine aspirates: nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed a higher concentration of vesicles with a mode of 135 ± 5 nm, and immunoblot showed a higher expression of exosome-related markers (CD9, CD63, and CD81) thus verifying an enrichment in this type of vesicles. |
| 27329675 | Rab35 GTPase: A Central Regulator of Phosphoinositides and F-actin in Endocytic Recycling and Beyond. | Since then, Rab35 has become one of the most studied Rabs involved in a growing number of cellular functions, including endosomal trafficking, exosome release, phagocytosis, cell migration, immunological synapse formation and neurite outgrowth. |
| 27333275 | Amnion-Epithelial-Cell-Derived Exosomes Demonstrate Physiologic State of Cell under Oxidative Stress. | Both growth conditions (normal and oxidative stress induced) produced cup shaped exosomes of around 50 nm, expressed exosomes enriched markers, such as CD9, CD63, CD81 and HSC70, embryonic stem cell marker Nanog, and contained similar amounts of cell free AEC DNA. HSP70 and P-p38 MAPK were significantly higher in exosomes from AEC grown under oxidative stress conditions than standard conditions (p<0.05). This study determined AEC exosome characteristics and their cargo reflected the physiologic status of the cell of origin and suggests that AEC-derived exosomal p38 MAPK plays a major role in determining the fate of pregnancy. Using confocal microscopy, the colocalization of histone (H) 3, heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and activated form of pro-senescence and term parturition associated marker p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) (P-p38 MAPK) co-localized with exosome enrich marker CD9. |
| 27343445 | Exosomal Proteins as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Lung Cancer. | Subsequently, a cocktail of biotin-conjugated CD9, CD81, and CD63 antibodies was used to detect and visualize captured exosomes. |
| 27356893 | Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes and Exosome-Free Conditioned Media From Human Osteosarcoma Cell Lines Reveals Secretion of Proteins Related to Tumor Progression. | Exosome isolation was validated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immuno-blotting for characteristic biomarkers (CD63, CD9, and CD81). |